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  • clearvision@goldbergcentre.com
  • 2235 Kennedy Rd, Scarborough, ON M1T 3G8, Canada

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KERATOCONUS

Close-up of a bright blue eye with a soft blurred background, symbolizing clarity and innovation in eye care, enhanced by light reflections.

What is Keratoconus

Keratoconus is an eye disease in which the normally round, dome-shaped front surface of the eye — the cornea — thins out and gradually bulges forward, becoming cone-shaped instead of curved like a dome. Because the cornea is responsible for bending (refracting) most of the light that enters the eye, this abnormal cone shape distorts how light is focused — causing vision problems that are different from simple nearsightedness or astigmatism.

Keratoconus Treatment

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Corneal Cross-linking

Corneal cross-linking works by applying drops of riboflavin (vitamin B₂) to the cornea and then exposing it to ultraviolet-A (UVA) light. This triggers chemical reactions that create new “cross-links” between the collagen fibres in the cornea, strengthening its structure and making it more rigid. By reinforcing and stabilizing the cornea, CXL helps prevent further thinning and bulging — the hallmark of keratoconus — and thus halts or greatly slows the progression of the disease. Although CXL doesn’t reverse existing corneal shape changes or restore perfect vision, it often preserves current vision levels and reduces the risk that the patient will eventually need a corneal transplant.

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KXL + PTK

Combining CXL with PTK leverages the strengths of both procedures: PTK uses an excimer-laser to gently smooth and regularize the surface of the cornea (epithelium removal with laser rather than mechanical scraping), which tends to reduce corneal irregularities and improve shape regularity before the cornea is stabilized. Then CXL strengthens the cornea by creating additional molecular cross-links in the collagen lamellae, stiffening the corneal structure and halting further thinning or bulging. The result is dual benefit: improved visual quality (less distortion and better visual acuity) and long-term biomechanical stability — meaning reduced risk of further progression of keratoconus. Many surgeons and studies consider CXL + PTK (or more broadly “CXL-plus” protocols) the best-available balance today between stabilizing the diseased cornea and rehabilitating vision, especially in patients whose corneas are thick enough and whose disease is moderate.

Keratoconus and the Goldberg Centre

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Dr. Sasan Niknam MD FRCS (C)

Dr. Niknam is the premier Corneal Specialist in Toronto Canada as well as Sheraz Iran. As a published author of studies regarding various corneal diseases including Keratoconus, Dr. Niknam is considered the preeminent authority on Corneal diseases and Keratoconus.

Your questions answered

What are my best options for contact lenses post CXL?
Does CXL mean I won’t ever need further surgery?

CXL significantly reduces the risk of needing a corneal transplant — by halting progression of keratoconus in many cases.
But because keratoconus can vary in severity and progression, long-term monitoring is still important; in some cases, additional interventions (e.g. specialty contact lenses, other surgeries) may still be needed.

Is there a risk that vision might get worse after CXL?

Yes — though rare, there are risks. Possible complications include persistent corneal haze, scarring, infection, or slow healing of the corneal surface, which can affect vision. 
Reports vary, but generally complications that cause lasting vision loss are uncommon (in many clinics, fewer than ~3% of treated eyes have serious long-term issues).

Can vision get worse before it gets better after CXL?

Yes — it’s common for vision to worsen briefly in the first few weeks as the cornea heals.
Fluctuations in vision (blurriness, haze, glare) during the first 1–3 months are not unusual.

Will I need new glasses or contact lenses after CXL?

Very likely — because your cornea’s shape may change during healing, your pre-CXL glasses or contact lens prescription may no longer match. 
Many clinicians recommend waiting until 4–8 weeks post-procedure before finalizing a new prescription, to allow for early healing and stabilization.

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